"[6] The U.S. Commission on Civil Rights found that an "overall lack of leadership in protecting voting rights was largely responsible for the broad array of problems in Florida during the 2000 election. He is also alleging thatthere have been widespread accounts of voter fraud in these uncalled states. The Florida Supreme Court ordered only a recount of so-called "undervotes," about 62,000 ballots where voting machines didnt detect any vote for a presidential candidate. It was sponsored by the Associated Press, New York Times, Wall Street Journal, CNN, St. Petersburg Times, Palm Beach Post, Washington Post and the Tribune Co., which owns papers including the Los Angeles Times, Chicago Tribune, Orlando Sentinel and Baltimore Sun. Eventually, the Florida Supreme Court decided (43) to order a statewide manual recount of the approximately 45,000 undervotesballots that machines recorded as not clearly expressing a presidential voteand accepted some previously uncertified results in both Miami-Dade and Palm Beach counties, reducing Bushs lead to a mere 154 votes. The controversy in detail: A big recount controversy in Florida, a swing state, took centre stage in the election. "[51], Although Bush spokesman Ari Fleischer said on November 9 that "Palm Beach County is a Pat Buchanan stronghold and that's why Pat Buchanan received 3,407 votes there",[52] Buchanan's Florida coordinator, Jim McConnell, responded by calling that "nonsense", and Jim Cunningham, chairman of the executive committee of Palm Beach County's Reform Party, responded, "I don't think so. At the time, Republicans expressed dismay at the idea of a recount. The Bush campaign subsequently appealed to the Supreme Court of the United States, which took up the case Bush v. Palm Beach County Canvassing Board on December 1. "But," it said, "Gore could not have won without a hand count of overvote ballots, something that he did not request.". 2000 Electoral College Results. In a chorus that echoes those voices of 2000, Florida Republicans (and indeed the GOP generally) are expressing dismay at the recount of 2018. The court ruled that counties had that authority and to allow time for these efforts, extended the statutory deadline for the manual recounts. essay on your opinion on the results of the 2000 Presidential election Bush, Ronald Reagan and Richard Nixon. He chose former Secretary of Defense Dick Cheney as his running mate. 2000 Election Facts Outcome of race unknown for several weeks due to dispute over close vote totals in Florida Green Party candidate Ralph Nader received 2,882,728 votes, but no Electoral Votes Gore won DC; however one elector did not cast a vote One of only 5 elections (1824, 1876, 1888, 2000, 2016) where the popular vote winner was defeated The 54 per curiam (unsigned) decision effectively awarded Floridas 25 Electoral College votes to Republican candidate George W. Bush, thereby ensuring his victory over Democratic candidate Al Gore. On November 17, Judge Terry Lewis of Leon County Circuit Court permitted Harris to certify the election results without the manual recounts, but on the same day the Florida Supreme Court stayed that decision until it could consider an appeal by Gore. All candidates who appear on the ballot or qualify to receive write-in votes must submit a list of 25 electors who pledge to vote for their candidate and his or her running mate. Direct link to SoccerboyH2's post IF the results were "scat, Posted 2 years ago. That study was conducted by a group that included the Miami Herald, USA Today and Knight Ridder newspapers. The Court further held that it had "considerable uncertainty" as to the reasons given by the Florida Supreme Court for its decision. The margin in Florida had shrunk to a sliver and a recount seemed in order. BDO Seidman's results, reported in USA Today, show that under the strictest standard, where only a cleanly punched ballot with a fully removed chad was counted, Gore's margin was three votes. In the Election of 2008, Florida had 27 electoral votes. Subsequent statements by Lewis and internal court documents support the likelihood that overvotes would have been included in the recount. India? 03.06 Elections and Voting Flashcards - Learning tools & flashcards ET on their election night specials, the national networks were calling populous swing states such as Pennsylvania and Michigan for Gore. According to a massive months-long study commissioned by eight news organizations in 2001, George W. Bush probably still would have won even if the U.S. Supreme Court had allowed a limited statewide recount to go forward as ordered by Floridas highest court. Meanwhile, on December 6 the Republican-controlled Florida legislature convened a special session to appoint a slate of electors pledged to Bush, as the U.S. Constitution bestows upon state legislatures the duty to determine how its state's electors are appointed. Based on the review of these ballots, their results indicated that Bush would have won if certain recounting methods had been used (including the one favored by Gore at the time of the Supreme Court decision), but that Gore might have won under other standards and scenarios. Gore won New Mexico and Oregon over the following few days; but the result in Florida was to be decisive, regardless of how those two states had voted. 2000 United States presidential election recount in Florida, NORC-sponsored Florida Ballot Project recount, County-by-county standards for write-in overvotes in 2000. Our editors will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. The review's findings were reported in the media during the week after November 12, 2001, by the organizations that funded the recount: Associated Press, CNN, The Wall Street Journal, The New York Times, The Washington Post, St. Petersburg Times, The Palm Beach Post and Tribune Publishing, which included the Los Angeles Times, South Florida Sun-Sentinel, Orlando Sentinel and Chicago Tribune. There were also small but measurable differences in the way that the "neutral" investigators counted certain types of ballots, an indication that different counters might have come up with slightly different numbers. The following were the members of the Electoral College from the state. Since then, we have seen several elections in which exit polling over-sampled voters with college and post-college educations possibly because these voters are more willing to complete an exit poll "ballot" as they leave their polling place. 3.08 Module Exam (Government) In such case, only the write-in vote is void." [22] At the same time that the Bush campaign was contesting hand recounts in Democratic counties, it accepted hand recounts in Republican counties that gained them 185 votes, including where Republican Party workers had been permitted to correct errors on thousands of applications for absentee ballots for Republicans. The U.S. Supreme Court convened on December 1 to consider Bush's appeal. Orange County presented fewer rejected ballots to the NORC than expected. Also uncounted were many absentee, military and provisional ballots. Based on exit polls in Florida, the news media declared Gore the winner, but as the actual votes were tallied, Bush appeared to command the lead. Volusia County started its recount on November 12. With the election effectively ended, Floridas 25 electoral votes were awarded to George W. Bush, whose lead in the state stood at 327 votes out of six million cast after a machine recount in November. Could 2020 Be the Same. What the Bush v. Gore studies showed", "Media Recount: Bush Won the 2000 Election", "Statistical Practice: Reliability of the Uncertified Ballots in the 2000 Presidential Election in Florida", "Newspapers' recount shows Bush prevailed", "Florida voter errors cost Gore the election", "Battlefield Florida: A Chat with Lance deHaven-Smith", How we got here: A timeline of the Florida recount, Video highlight of Florida Supreme Court Chief Justice Wells opening, Video highlights of November 20, 2000 and December 7, 2000 oral arguments in. While the stakes might not be quite as high this time, they are nonetheless substantial: the governorship of Florida, a seat in the U.S. Senate, and the office of state agricultural commission. On November 21, the Florida Supreme Court ruled unanimously that manual counts in Broward, Palm Beach and Miami-Dade Counties must be included and set 5:00p.m. on November 26 as the earliest time for certification. Further, counties and precincts with large black populations disproportionately had technologies where ballots would predictably go uncounted. On November 9, the Bush campaign announced they had hired George H. W. Bush's former Secretary of State James Baker and Republican political consultant Roger Stone to oversee their legal team,[8][9] and the Gore campaign hired Bill Clinton's former Secretary of State Warren Christopher. The Bush campaign quickly filed an appeal with the U.S. Supreme Court, asking it to delay the recounts until it could hear the case; a stay was issued by the court on December 9. c. 271. Escambia County also reported completing its recount that day but did not include all of its precincts. What were the long-term consequences of the 2000 election? Bush carried most states in the South, the rural Midwest, and the Rocky Mountain region, while Gore won most states in the Northeast, the upper Midwest, and the Pacific Coast. Whoever wins the most votes in the state is awarded all 25 electoral votes. Although Gore had won the popular vote by roughly a half-million ballots, the all-important Electoral College count from the other 49 states (and District of Columbia) was so close that whoever won Florida would be the overall winner. The undervotes and overvotes in Florida amounted to 3% of all votes cast in the state. [10] The county canvassing board was then to decide whether to do a recount, as well as the method of the recount, in those three precincts. Fewer than 600 votes separated the candidates, and that margin appeared to be narrowing. [79] Some counties produced their rejected ballots by rerunning all ballots through tabulation machines but were unable to deliver all problem ballots because machines accepted more ballots than previously certified and rejected fewer. What was the primary election-year problem in Florida? Four counties distributed sample ballots to voters that differed from the actual ballot used on election day, including Duval County, which used a caterpillar ballot, so called because the list of presidential candidates stretched over two pages. Rethinking Social Inquiry: Diverse Tools, Shared Standards. Some questioned Buchanan's 3,407 votes in Palm Beach County, Florida, given the liberal leanings of the county, the sizeable Jewish population, and his performance in the remainder of the state. Direct link to shawnfu02's post Would it have been possib, Posted 6 years ago. How the U.S. Supreme Court Decided the Presidential Election of 2000 We have to believe that based on the vote totals elsewhere. When the Florida Supreme Court ordered a statewide recount of remaining uncounted undervotes, it stipulated that the incomplete results from Palm Beach and Miami-Dade Counties that had been rejected by Katherine Harris be counted. ), 5, which the Florida Supreme Court had stated that the Florida Legislature intended to meet. [19]:215216 Also, before the election, the Secretary of State's office had expunged tens of thousands of citizens identified as felons from the Florida voting rolls, with African-Americans identified on some counties' lists at up to five times their share of the population. [2] It was also the first time the Democratic candidate won Orange County since Franklin D. Roosevelt in 1944. Direct link to Camden Charles's post Could Florida have decide, Posted 2 years ago. Both campaigns immediately dispatched teams of lawyers to Florida. Will the current Florida conundrum need a resolution from the same source? [81] Florida State University professor of public policy Lance deHaven-Smith observed that, even considering only undervotes, "under any of the five most reasonable interpretations of the Florida Supreme Court ruling, Gore does, in fact, more than make up the deficit". during the presidential election of 2000, which state's - brainly.com Print and broadcast media cited often contradictory exit-polling numbers, and the races in Oregon and New Mexico would remain too close to call for some days. [78] The 175,010 ballots examined contained undervotes (votes with no choice made for president) and overvotes (votes made with more than one choice marked). If they did not send their electoral votes to Congress before the official the deadline to do so, neither Bush nor Gore could have reached 270 electoral votes and a contingent election would have taken place in the House of Representatives for President and in the Senate for Vice President, which would have been super messy and therefore everyone worked hard to avoid that situation. In the month following the election, some 50 individual suits were filed concerning the various counts, recounts, and certification deadlines. Conservatives claimed that the same ballot had been successfully used in the 1996 election;[18] in fact, it had never been used in a Palm Beach County election among rival candidates for office. The "set aside" ballots were dimpled ballots that were challenged by the two parties. It also remarks that there were variations between examiners and that election officials often did not provide the same number of undervotes as were counted on Election Day. At an NAACP-sponsored hearing in Miami four days after the election, prospective voters told of police cars blocking the way to the polls, of voters harassed by election workers. Karl Rove, in full Karl Christian Rove, (born December 25, 1950, Denver, Colorado, U.S.), American political consultant and principal architect of U.S. Pres. Tanner, Robert and Sharon L. Crenson. By November 10 the machine recount was complete, and Bushs lead stood at 327 votes out of six million cast. A full, official recount of all votes statewide could have gone either way, but one was never conducted. Orange County then performed a hand segregation and determined that these votes numbered 184 for Bush, 249 for Gore and 79 for other candidates. All were pledged to and voted for George W. Bush and Dick Cheney:[17]. "[6], The 2001 book Stupid White Men and other books described allegations of efforts to deny black citizens in Florida the right to vote. Others have a different view. In late October, however, the gap in the polls between Bush and Gore narrowed dramatically. If you're behind a web filter, please make sure that the domains *.kastatic.org and *.kasandbox.org are unblocked. By November 10 the machine recount was complete, and Bushs lead stood at 327 votes out of six million cast. They argue that American democracy is a far stricter, Lockean, Anglo-American system based on the letter of the law and a successful vote cast by a rational, responsible voter. a swing state with challenged votes. It also goes down as one of the most controversial. As court challenges were issued over the legality of hand recounts in select counties, news stories were filled with the arcane vocabulary of the election judge. Decisions by some canvassing boards to count illegal overseas absentee ballots. The Republicans appealed that ruling to the U.S. Supreme Court, which voted 7-2 to end the Florida court's ordered recount. A problem that occurred in Florida during the 2000 election was very minute difference in votes that state statute necessitated a repeat. Why did Al Gore concede? There were also contentions about the card-punch system that some counties used, which required voters to puncture a hole for the ticket they had supported, but that left some cards with hanging chads, or pieces of paper dangling from their ballots. Updates? That first day's results reduced the margin to just over 900 votes. The voting is supposed to proceed night and day until a winner is clear. Positive sign indicates number of votes that decision caused to be included (or put back) in state certified total. Most restrictive standard: requires fully punched chads and complete fills on optical scan ballots, no overvotes. The next day, the Florida Supreme Court allowed manual recounts in Palm Beach and Broward Counties to continue but left it to a state judge to decide whether Harris must include those votes in the final tally. Bush v. Gore | Summary, Decision, Significance, & Facts - Britannica Networks initially projected Gore the winner in Florida, but later they declared that Bush had opened an insurmountable lead. The 2000 presidential election was the closest in the history of the US Electoral College and the first ever to be decided by the US Supreme Court. One big question that I have: Why did the Supreme Court decide a recount was unconstitutional? These convoluted ballot designs led to calls for election and voting reform, and some states installed electronic voting machines to ensure greater accuracy in future elections. [9] Some late momentum for Gore and his Jewish running mate Joe Lieberman may have come from southern Florida's significant Jewish population. [74][75][76], The National Opinion Research Center at the University of Chicago, sponsored by a consortium of major U.S. news organizations, conducted the Florida Ballot Project, a comprehensive review of ballots collected from the entire state, not just the disputed counties that were recounted. In one of the most controversial decisions that the Supreme Court concluded, the case ended up with a 5 to 4 ruling for Bush on Dec. 12, 2000, a move that puzzled reporters as some said they ruled in favor of Bush, while others said the same about Gore. According to the U.S. Commission on Civil Rights, "the vast majority of issues in Florida during the 2000 election were caused by an overall lack of leadership in preserving voting rights.". To log in and use all the features of Khan Academy, please enable JavaScript in your browser. The Florida Statutes contemplate that where electronic or electromechanical voting systems are used, no vote is to be declared invalid or void if there is a clear indication of the intent of the voter as determined by the county canvassing board. He shared his displeasure with someone who was likely to offer a sympathetic ear John Ellis, a Fox analyst and member of the extended Bush family. Before long, other networks were hearing the objections and reaching the same conclusion. It was anecdotal evidence at best, and local authorities argued persuasively that the police presence near a polling place was pure coincidence. She was the Florida secretary of state, in charge of legally certifying winners in any statewide vote. There were punch-card ballots where the voters' attempt to make their choice had only succeeded in detaching a portion of the perforated paper ("hanging chads" ) or merely denting rather than removing the punch-out ("dimpled chads"). The next day, Gore sued under Florida's statutory construct of the "contest phase". As the Electoral College vote took shape on election night, with the results piling up from around the country, it was clear the. We shall see how long it takes to resolve this time. The Bush campaign immediately petitioned the U.S. Supreme Court for a stay of the recount order, which was granted on December 9. Bush, and Democrat Bill Clinton. United States presidential election of 2004 - Britannica Most of the variation occurred in Votomatic overvotes, the least likely ballots to yield votes in a recount. Harris announced that Bush had won Florida. As adjusted, 176,343 ballots were expected, compared to 175,010 ballots actually provided to the NORC for review. Of the overvotes, 68,476 chose Gore and a minor candidate; 23,591 chose Bush and a minor candidate. Bush, against Democrat Al Gore, former senator from Tennessee and vice president in the administration of. To win the presidency, candidates must win a majority of votes in the Electoral College. To some, voting is a right that should be guaranteed regardless of any incompetence, error, failure, or irresponsibility on the part of the voter. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). It would surely be accepted by the reviewing authority, which was the U.S. Senate, where Republicans were in control. The 2000 presidential election between George W Bush and Al Gore was the closest election in modern history with the results hinging on voters in South Florida. NBC News' Simone Boyce takes a look back at the 2000 election and explains the. The GOP effort in 2000 broadcasted massive talent within the party that likely helped Bush land a White House win. Reflections on the 2000 U.S. Presidential Election - Brookings While the races in Florida last week appeared to be decided by thousands or tens of thousands, the presidential count there in 2000 was being measured in hundreds. Under the FAC, a ballot with any other name written in (including Bush and Gore, who were not qualified as write-in candidates) was not an overvote, but rather a valid vote for the candidate whose name was marked by the voter. United States presidential election of 2000 - Britannica The study also found that undervotes originating in optical-scan counties differ from those from punchcard counties in a particular characteristic. [4] According to The Palm Beach Post, "State lawmakers decided to weed out felons and other ineligible voters in 1998 after a Miami mayoral election was overturned because votes had been cast by the convicted and the dead. Overall, the results were justtoo close to callon election night. Omissions? Undervotes (ballots that did not register any vote when counted by machine) were the subject of much media coverage, most of the lawsuits and the Florida Supreme Court ruling. Various flaws and improprieties in Florida's electoral processes were immediately apparent, while others were reported after later investigation. 5 Remarkably Close U.S. Presidential Elections, https://www.britannica.com/event/United-States-presidential-election-of-2000, Brookings - Reflections on the 2000 U.S. Presidential Election, Parliament of Australia - US Presidential Election 2000, GlobalSecurity.org - 2000 Presidential Election, sample butterfly ballot from Florida, 2000, United States presidential election of 1996, United States presidential election of 2004.
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